@849282206 在 ros2 实现 AMCL定位 中说：
你好，小鱼。我目前跟随你的ros2教程学习到Nav2导航篇，按照教程的例子，实现了小车的单点导航和多点导航。但是有个问题，启动后，我需要手动大概指定机器人的位姿，而且指定完之后，初始状态的粒子波只有很小一圈。我的理解是，机器人在初始状态下，粒子波应该是均匀分布在整个地图的，当机器人运动起来后，会慢慢确定自己的位置。请问，这个应该如何实现？
我在fishbot_nav2.yaml文件中，加入了如下代码段，编译成功后，运行失败。
initial_pose_x: 0.0
initial_pose_y: 0.0
initial_pose_a: 0.0
initial_cov_xx: 32
initial_cov_yy: 32
initial_cov_zz: 32
希望得到你的指导。
fishbot_nav2.yaml完整的代码文件如下：
amcl:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
alpha1: 0.2
alpha2: 0.2
alpha3: 0.2
alpha4: 0.2
alpha5: 0.2
base_frame_id: "base_link"
beam_skip_distance: 0.5
beam_skip_error_threshold: 0.9
beam_skip_threshold: 0.3
do_beamskip: false
global_frame_id: "map"
lambda_short: 0.1
laser_likelihood_max_dist: 2.0
laser_max_range: 100.0
laser_min_range: -1.0
laser_model_type: "likelihood_field"
max_beams: 60
max_particles: 5000
min_particles: 500
initial_pose_x: 0.0
initial_pose_y: 0.0
initial_pose_a: 0.0
initial_cov_xx: 32
initial_cov_yy: 32
initial_cov_zz: 32
odom_frame_id: "odom"
pf_err: 0.05
pf_z: 0.99
recovery_alpha_fast: 0.0
recovery_alpha_slow: 0.0
resample_interval: 1
robot_model_type: "nav2_amcl::DifferentialMotionModel"
save_pose_rate: 0.5
sigma_hit: 0.2
tf_broadcast: true
transform_tolerance: 10.0
update_min_a: 0.2
update_min_d: 0.25
z_hit: 0.5
z_max: 0.05
z_rand: 0.5
z_short: 0.05
scan_topic: scan
amcl_map_client:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
amcl_rclcpp_node:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
bt_navigator:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
global_frame: map
robot_base_frame: base_link
odom_topic: /odom
bt_loop_duration: 10
default_server_timeout: 20
# 'default_nav_through_poses_bt_xml' and 'default_nav_to_pose_bt_xml' are use defaults:
# nav2_bt_navigator/navigate_to_pose_w_replanning_and_recovery.xml
# nav2_bt_navigator/navigate_through_poses_w_replanning_and_recovery.xml
# They can be set here or via a RewrittenYaml remap from a parent launch file to Nav2.
plugin_lib_names:
- nav2_compute_path_to_pose_action_bt_node
- nav2_compute_path_through_poses_action_bt_node
- nav2_smooth_path_action_bt_node
- nav2_follow_path_action_bt_node
- nav2_spin_action_bt_node
- nav2_wait_action_bt_node
- nav2_back_up_action_bt_node
- nav2_drive_on_heading_bt_node
- nav2_clear_costmap_service_bt_node
- nav2_is_stuck_condition_bt_node
- nav2_goal_reached_condition_bt_node
- nav2_goal_updated_condition_bt_node
- nav2_globally_updated_goal_condition_bt_node
- nav2_is_path_valid_condition_bt_node
- nav2_initial_pose_received_condition_bt_node
- nav2_reinitialize_global_localization_service_bt_node
- nav2_rate_controller_bt_node
- nav2_distance_controller_bt_node
- nav2_speed_controller_bt_node
- nav2_truncate_path_action_bt_node
- nav2_truncate_path_local_action_bt_node
- nav2_goal_updater_node_bt_node
- nav2_recovery_node_bt_node
- nav2_pipeline_sequence_bt_node
- nav2_round_robin_node_bt_node
- nav2_transform_available_condition_bt_node
- nav2_time_expired_condition_bt_node
- nav2_path_expiring_timer_condition
- nav2_distance_traveled_condition_bt_node
- nav2_single_trigger_bt_node
- nav2_is_battery_low_condition_bt_node
- nav2_navigate_through_poses_action_bt_node
- nav2_navigate_to_pose_action_bt_node
- nav2_remove_passed_goals_action_bt_node
- nav2_planner_selector_bt_node
- nav2_controller_selector_bt_node
- nav2_goal_checker_selector_bt_node
- nav2_controller_cancel_bt_node
- nav2_path_longer_on_approach_bt_node
- nav2_wait_cancel_bt_node
- nav2_spin_cancel_bt_node
- nav2_back_up_cancel_bt_node
- nav2_drive_on_heading_cancel_bt_node
bt_navigator_rclcpp_node:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
controller_server:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
controller_frequency: 20.0
min_x_velocity_threshold: 0.001
min_y_velocity_threshold: 0.5
min_theta_velocity_threshold: 0.001
failure_tolerance: 0.3
progress_checker_plugin: "progress_checker"
goal_checker_plugins: ["general_goal_checker"] # "precise_goal_checker"
controller_plugins: ["FollowPath"]
# Progress checker parameters
progress_checker:
plugin: "nav2_controller::SimpleProgressChecker"
required_movement_radius: 0.5
movement_time_allowance: 10.0
# Goal checker parameters
#precise_goal_checker:
# plugin: "nav2_controller::SimpleGoalChecker"
# xy_goal_tolerance: 0.25
# yaw_goal_tolerance: 0.25
# stateful: True
general_goal_checker:
stateful: True
plugin: "nav2_controller::SimpleGoalChecker"
xy_goal_tolerance: 0.25
yaw_goal_tolerance: 0.25
# DWB parameters
FollowPath:
plugin: "dwb_core::DWBLocalPlanner"
debug_trajectory_details: True
min_vel_x: 0.0
min_vel_y: 0.0
max_vel_x: 0.26
max_vel_y: 0.0
max_vel_theta: 1.0
min_speed_xy: 0.0
max_speed_xy: 0.26
min_speed_theta: 0.0
# Add high threshold velocity for turtlebot 3 issue.
# https://github.com/ROBOTIS-GIT/turtlebot3_simulations/issues/75
acc_lim_x: 2.5
acc_lim_y: 0.0
acc_lim_theta: 3.2
decel_lim_x: -2.5
decel_lim_y: 0.0
decel_lim_theta: -3.2
vx_samples: 20
vy_samples: 5
vtheta_samples: 20
sim_time: 1.7
linear_granularity: 0.05
angular_granularity: 0.025
transform_tolerance: 0.2
xy_goal_tolerance: 0.25
trans_stopped_velocity: 0.25
short_circuit_trajectory_evaluation: True
stateful: True
critics: ["RotateToGoal", "Oscillation", "BaseObstacle", "GoalAlign", "PathAlign", "PathDist", "GoalDist"]
BaseObstacle.scale: 0.02
PathAlign.scale: 32.0
PathAlign.forward_point_distance: 0.1
GoalAlign.scale: 24.0
GoalAlign.forward_point_distance: 0.1
PathDist.scale: 32.0
GoalDist.scale: 24.0
RotateToGoal.scale: 32.0
RotateToGoal.slowing_factor: 5.0
RotateToGoal.lookahead_time: -1.0
controller_server_rclcpp_node:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
local_costmap:
local_costmap:
ros__parameters:
update_frequency: 5.0
publish_frequency: 2.0
global_frame: odom
robot_base_frame: base_link
use_sim_time: True
rolling_window: true
width: 3
height: 3
resolution: 0.05
robot_radius: 0.12
plugins: ["voxel_layer", "inflation_layer"]
inflation_layer:
plugin: "nav2_costmap_2d::InflationLayer"
cost_scaling_factor: 3.0
inflation_radius: 0.35
voxel_layer:
plugin: "nav2_costmap_2d::VoxelLayer"
enabled: True
publish_voxel_map: True
origin_z: 0.0
z_resolution: 0.05
z_voxels: 16
max_obstacle_height: 2.0
mark_threshold: 0
observation_sources: scan
scan:
topic: /scan
max_obstacle_height: 2.0
clearing: True
marking: True
data_type: "LaserScan"
raytrace_max_range: 3.0
raytrace_min_range: 0.0
obstacle_max_range: 2.5
obstacle_min_range: 0.0
static_layer:
map_subscribe_transient_local: True
always_send_full_costmap: True
local_costmap_client:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
local_costmap_rclcpp_node:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
global_costmap:
global_costmap:
ros__parameters:
update_frequency: 1.0
publish_frequency: 1.0
global_frame: map
robot_base_frame: base_link
use_sim_time: True
robot_radius: 0.12
resolution: 0.05
track_unknown_space: true
plugins: ["static_layer", "obstacle_layer", "inflation_layer"]
obstacle_layer:
plugin: "nav2_costmap_2d::ObstacleLayer"
enabled: True
observation_sources: scan
scan:
topic: /scan
max_obstacle_height: 2.0
clearing: True
marking: True
data_type: "LaserScan"
raytrace_max_range: 3.0
raytrace_min_range: 0.0
obstacle_max_range: 2.5
obstacle_min_range: 0.0
static_layer:
plugin: "nav2_costmap_2d::StaticLayer"
map_subscribe_transient_local: True
inflation_layer:
plugin: "nav2_costmap_2d::InflationLayer"
cost_scaling_factor: 3.0
inflation_radius: 0.35
always_send_full_costmap: True
global_costmap_client:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
global_costmap_rclcpp_node:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
map_server:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
yaml_filename: "turtlebot3_world.yaml"
map_saver:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
save_map_timeout: 5.0
free_thresh_default: 0.25
occupied_thresh_default: 0.65
map_subscribe_transient_local: True
planner_server:
ros__parameters:
expected_planner_frequency: 20.0
use_sim_time: True
planner_plugins: ["GridBased"]
GridBased:
plugin: "nav2_navfn_planner/NavfnPlanner"
tolerance: 0.5
use_astar: false
allow_unknown: true
planner_server_rclcpp_node:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
smoother_server:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
smoother_plugins: ["simple_smoother"]
simple_smoother:
plugin: "nav2_smoother::SimpleSmoother"
tolerance: 1.0e-10
max_its: 1000
do_refinement: True
behavior_server:
ros__parameters:
costmap_topic: local_costmap/costmap_raw
footprint_topic: local_costmap/published_footprint
cycle_frequency: 10.0
behavior_plugins: ["spin", "backup", "drive_on_heading", "wait"]
spin:
plugin: "nav2_behaviors/Spin"
backup:
plugin: "nav2_behaviors/BackUp"
drive_on_heading:
plugin: "nav2_behaviors/DriveOnHeading"
wait:
plugin: "nav2_behaviors/Wait"
global_frame: odom
robot_base_frame: base_link
transform_tolerance: 0.1
use_sim_time: true
simulate_ahead_time: 2.0
max_rotational_vel: 1.0
min_rotational_vel: 0.4
rotational_acc_lim: 3.2
robot_state_publisher:
ros__parameters:
use_sim_time: True
waypoint_follower:
ros__parameters:
loop_rate: 20
stop_on_failure: false
waypoint_task_executor_plugin: "wait_at_waypoint"
wait_at_waypoint:
plugin: "nav2_waypoint_follower::WaitAtWaypoint"
enabled: True
waypoint_pause_duration: 200
