在ROS 2中使用Cartographer进行纯激光雷达定位是一个常见的需求,特别是在室外或复杂环境中,激光雷达(LIDAR)可以提供高精度和高可靠性的环境感知。以下是如何配置Cartographer、修改launch文件以及从navigation2中移除AMCL的详细步骤:

1. 配置Cartographer

首先,你需要有一个合适的Cartographer的配置文件(通常是YAML格式)。这个文件包含了Cartographer运行所需的所有参数,如传感器配置、地图构建和定位的参数等。一个基本的配置文件可能包括:

map_builder: use_trajectory_builder_2d: true trajectory_builder_2d: submaps: num_range_data: 1 range_data_inserter: scan_matcher_translation_delta_cost_weight: 0.1 scan_matcher_rotation_delta_cost_weight: 1.0 occupied_space_cost_evaluator: exponential_rate: 0.3 linear_offset: 0.5 max_obstacle_height: 2.0 motion_filter: max_distance_meters: 0.05 max_angle_radians: 0.05 min_relative_translation: 0.01 min_relative_rotation: 0.01 ... pose_graph: optimization_problem: huber_scale: 1e2 global_sampling_ratio: 0.03 constraint_builder: min_score: 0.65 loop_closure_translation_weight: 1.0 loop_closure_rotation_weight: 1.0 ... map_frame: "map" tracking_frame: "base_link" published_frame: "base_link" odom_frame: "odom" provide_odom_frame: true use_odometry: false use_nav_sat: false use_landmarks: false num_laser_scans: 1 num_multi_echo_laser_scans: 0 num_subdivisions_per_laser_scan: 1 lookup_transform_timeout_sec: 0.2 submap_publish_period_sec: 5.0 pose_publish_period_sec: 5e-3 trajectory_publish_period_sec: 30e-3 rangefinder_sampling_ratio: 1. odometry_sampling_ratio: 1. 2. 修改Launch文件

你需要创建一个ROS 2的launch文件来启动Cartographer的节点,并配置相关的参数。这个文件将包含对Cartographer节点和任何相关转换(TF)的启动。

<launch> <arg name="config_file" default="$(find your_cartographer_config_package)/config/cartographer.lua"/> <arg name="map_file" default="$(find your_map_package)/maps/my_map.pbstream"/> <node name="cartographer_node" pkg="cartographer_ros" exec="cartographer_node" output="screen" args=" -configuration_directory $(dirname $(find your_cartographer_config_package)) -configuration_basename $(arg config_file) -map_filename $(arg map_file) -load_state_filename $(arg map_file) "> <remap from="scan" to="/your_lidar_topic"/> </node> <node name="cartographer_occupancy_grid_node" pkg="cartographer_ros" exec="cartographer_occupancy_grid_node" output="screen" args="-resolution 0.05"> <remap from="map" to="occupancy_grid"/> </node> ... </launch> 3. 移除Navigation2中的AMCL

在Navigation2中,你可以通过修改navigation2_params.yaml文件或直接在launch文件中禁用AMCL。如果你使用的是navigation2_launch.xml,你可以移除或注释掉启动AMCL的节点。

例如,在navigation2_launch.xml中:

<!-- 注释掉或删除AMCL的启动 --> <!-- <node name="amcl" pkg="nav2_amcl" exec="amcl" output="screen"> ... </node> --> 4.

以上为生成回答,仅供参考~